Daf 109a (דַּף ק״ט ע״א)

And the lower Shekhinta (וּשְׁכִינְתָּא תַּתָּאָה), she is the redemption of houses of walled cities (אִיהִי גְּאוּלַת בָּתֵי עָרֵי חוֹמָה), and it is said of her also: houses of the villages (אִתְּמַר בָּהּ, וּבָתֵי עָרֵי הַחֲצֵּרִים). For there are two houses in the heart (דִּתְרֵי בָּתֵּי אִית בְּלִבָּא). If they are masters of Torah (אִם אִינּוּן מִמָארֵי תּוֹרָה), they are called houses of walled cities (אִתְקְרִיאוּ בָּתֵי עָרֵי חוֹמָה), in the likeness of what is said regarding the exodus from Egypt (כְּגַוְונָא דְּאִתְּמַר בְּמָפְקָנוּ דְּמִצְּרַיִם): And the waters were for them a wall on their right and on their left (וְהַמַּיִם לָהֶם חוֹמָה מִימִינָם וּמִשְּׂמֹאלָם) (Exodus 14). For others, who are not masters of Torah (לַאֲחֵרִים, דְּלָאו אִינּוּן מָארֵי תּוֹרָה), they are called houses of the villages (אִתְקְרִיאוּ בָּתֵּי הַחֲצֵּרִים).

Rabbi Shim‘on said (אָמַר רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן): But we find courtyards, as it is said (וְהָא אַשְׁכַּחְנָא חֲצֵרִים דְּאִתְּמַר בֵּיהּ): And she stood in the court of the king’s house, the inner court, opposite the king’s house (וַתַּעֲמוֹד בַּחֲצַר בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ הַפְּנִימִית נֹכַח בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ) (Esther 5). And in every place, “the King” in general (וּבְכָל אֲתַר הַמֶּלֶךְ סְתָם) - this is Kudsha Berikh Hu (דָּא קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא). And she stood (וַתַּעֲמוֹד) - there is no standing except prayer (אֵין עֲמִידָה, אֶלָּא צְּלוֹתָא). Opposite the king’s house (נֹכַח בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ) - opposite the Temple (נֹכַח בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ). For all Yisrael must direct their prayer there (דְּכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל צְּרִיכִין לְצַּלָּאָה צְּלוֹתָא דִּלְהוֹן לְתַמָן), to be opposite the Temple (וּלְמֶהֱוִי נֹכַח בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ). Here, who is the inner courtyard? (הָכָא מַאן חֲצַר הַפְּנִימִית). Surely these are the two courtyards of the house of Hashem (וַדַּאי תְּרֵין אִינּוּן חַצְרוֹת בֵּית יְיָ).

The Holy Luminary said (אָמַר לֵיהּ בּוּצִּינָא קַדִּישָׁא): The two courtyards are the two outer chambers of the heart (תְּרֵין חֲצֵרִים, אִינּוּן חִצּוֹנִיִּים דְּלִבָּא), and these are the two ears of the heart (וְאִינּוּן תְּרֵין אָזְנַיִם דְּלִבָּא). And the two inner houses are the two houses of the heart (וּתְרֵין בָּתִּים פְּנִימִיִּים, תְּרֵין בָּתֵּי דְּלִבָּא). And two are the inner houses (וּתְרֵין אִינּוּן בָּתֵּי גּוָֹאֵי), and two are the outer houses (וּתְרֵין אִינּוּן בָּתֵּי בָּרָאֵי). And at the time of redemption (וּבְזִמְנָא דִּיְהֵא פּוּרְקָנָא), redemption shall be for all (גְּאוּלָה תְּהֵא לְכֻלְּהוּ): for those close to the heart, which is Shekhinta (לְאִינּוּן קְרִיבִין לְלִבָּא, דְּאִיהוּ שְׁכִינְתָּא), and for those far who are brought close (וּלְאִלֵּין רְחִיקִין דְּאִתְקְרִיבוּ). This is what is written (הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב): Peace, peace to him that is far and to him that is near (שָׁלוֹם שָׁלוֹם לָרָחוֹק וְלַקָּרוֹב) (Isaiah 57), and it has been established (וְאוֹקְמוּהָ): “To him that is far” - from sin (לָרָחוֹק מֵעֲבֵירָה), and “to him that is near” - to a mitzvah (וְלַקָּרוֹב מִמִּצְוָה). At that time (בְּהַהוּא זִמְנָא), the commandment is to sound the trumpet of teru‘ah in the Yovel (פִּקּוּדָא לִתְקוֹעַ שׁוֹפַר תְּרוּעָה בַּיוֹבֵל). This is what is written (הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב): When a banner is raised on the mountains you shall see, and when the trumpet is blown you shall hear (כִּנְשָׂא נֵס הָרִים תִּרְאוּ וְכִתְקוֹעַ שׁוֹפָר תִּשְׁמָעוּ) (Isaiah 18). In the likeness of the sounding of the shofar of the Yovel (כְּגַוְונָא דְּבִתְקִיעַת שׁוֹפַר דְּיוֹבְלָא), all slaves go out to freedom (כֻּלְּהוּ עַבְדִּין נָפְקֵי לְחֵירוּת). So too in the final redemption (הָכִי בְּפוּרְקָנָא בַּתְרַיְיתָא), with the sounding of the shofar (בִּתְקִיעַת שׁוֹפָר), all Yisrael shall be gathered from the four directions of the world (מִתְכַּנְּשִׁין כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאַרְבַּע סִטְרֵי עָלְמָא), for they are the slaves of the Yovel (דְּאִינּוּן עַבְדִּין דְּיוֹבְלָא). And the masters of Torah - among them are those who serve in order to receive reward (דְּמָארֵי תּוֹרָה, אִית בְּהוֹן עַבְדִּין עַל מְנָת לְקַבֵּל פְּרָס), and they are called the slaves of the King and the Matronita (וְאִתְקְרִיאוּ עַבְדֵי מַלְכָּא וּמַטְרוֹנִיתָא). But the sons of the Holy King (אֲבָל בְּנוֹי דְּמַלְכָּא קַדִּישָׁא): And I bore you on eagles’ wings, and I brought you to Me (וָאֶשָּׂא אֶתְכֶם עַל כַּנְפֵי נְשָׁרִים וָאָבִיא אֶתְכֶם אֵלָי) (Exodus 19) - these are the wings of the living creatures of the Merkavah (דְּאִינּוּן גַּדְפֵּי חֵיוָון דְּמֶרְכַּבְתָּא).

The commandment after this (פִּקּוּדָא בָּתַר דָּא), to give to the Levi’im cities to dwell in (לָתֵת לַלְּוִיִּם עָרִים לָשָׁבֶת). And because they did not join in the calf (וּבְגִין דְּאִינּוּן לָא אִשְׁתָּתָּפוּ בַּעֶגְלָא), Kudsha Berikh Hu gave them a portion close to Him (קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא חָלַק לוֹן לְגַבֵּיהּ), to make music to Him with many kinds of song (לְמֶהֱוִי מְנַגְּנִין לֵיהּ בְּכַמָּה מִינֵי נִגּוּן). For the Kohanim in their service (דְּכֹהֲנִים בַּעֲבוֹדָתָן), and the Levi’im with their song and their melody (וּלְוִיִּים לְשִׁירָם וּלְזִמְרָם), and Yisrael with their dwelling (וְיִשְׂרָאֵל לִנְוִיהֶם). The Kohanim in their service (כֹהֲנִים בַּעֲבוֹדָתָם), for there are many commandments in it (דְּאִית תַּמָּן כַּמָה פִּקוּדִין).

One commandment: to make the anointing oil (פִּקּוּדָא חַד, לַעֲשׂוֹת שֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה). Two: the Levi’im [Levites] guard the Sanctuary (ב׳, לְוִיִּים שׁוֹמְרִין בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ). Three: Yisrael are to fear the Sanctuary (ג׳, יִשְׂרָאֵל לִירָא מִן הַמִּקְדָּשׁ). Four: the service of the Levi’im [Levites] in the Temple (ד׳, עֲבוֹדַת הַלְּוִיִּים בְּבֵית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ). Five: to burn incense twice (ה׳, לְהַקְטִיר קְטֹרֶת פַּעֲמַיִם). Six: the Kohanim [priests] sound the trumpets in the Sanctuary (ו׳, כֹּהֲנִים תּוֹקְעִים בַּחֲצֽוֹצְרוֹת בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ). Seven: to sanctify the seed of Aharon in the Sanctuary (ז׳, לְקַדֵּשׁ זְרַע אַהֲרֹן בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ). Eight: to wear the garments of priesthood in the Sanctuary (ח׳, לִלְבּוֹשׁ בִּגְדֵי כְּהוּנָה בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ). Nine: the washing of hands and feet, to serve in the Sanctuary (ט׳, רְחִיצַּת יָדַיִם וְרַגְלַיִם, לַעֲבוֹד בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ). Ten: the Kohanim [priests] are to perform the offerings in the Sanctuary (י׳, לִהְיוֹת הַכֹּהֲנִים עוֹשִׂים קָרְבָּנוֹת בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ). Eleven: to redeem disqualified consecrated animals (י״א, לִפְדּוֹת פְּסוּלֵי הַמוּקְדָּשִׁין). Twelve: the offering of a woman who gives birth on the eighth day (י״ב, קָרְבָּן הַיּוֹלֶדֶת בַּיוֹם הַשְּׁמִינִי). Thirteen: to salt the offerings in the Sanctuary (י״ג, לִמְלוֹחַ קָרְבָּנוֹת בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ). Fourteen: to perform the Olah [burnt offering] according to its law (י״ד, לַעֲשׂוֹת הָעוֹלָה כְּמִשְׁפָּטָהּ). Fifteen: to perform the Chatat [sin offering] according to its law (ט״ו, לַעֲשׂוֹת הַחַטָּאת כְּמִשְׁפָּטוֹ). Sixteen: the eating of Kodashim [holy offerings] according to the law for the Kohanim [priests] (ט״ז, אֲכִילַת קֳדָשִׁים כַּמִּשְׁפַּט לַכֹּהֲנִים). Seventeen: the eating of the remainder of meal offerings (י״ז, אֲכִילַת שְׁיָּרֵי מְנָחוֹת). Eighteen: to perform the meal offerings according to their commandments (ח״י, לַעֲשׂוֹת מְנָחוֹת כְּמִצְוֹתָן). Nineteen: to bring offerings to the Temple (י״ט, לְהָבִיא קָרְבָּנוֹת לְבֵית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ). Twenty: to bring a vow or a freewill offering to the Temple (כ׳, לְהָבִיא נֶדֶר אוֹ נְדָבָה לְבֵית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ). Twenty-one: to bring consecrated offerings, substitutions, and offspring (כ״א, לְהָבִיא קָרְבָּנוֹת קֳדָשִׁים תְּמוּרוֹת וּוְלָדוֹת). Twenty-two: to offer the two continual offerings according to their law (כ״ב, לְהַקְרִיב שְׁנֵי תְּמִידִין כְּהִלְכָתָן). Twenty-three: to kindle a continual fire upon the altar (כ״ג, לְהַדְלִיק אֵשׁ תָּמִיד עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ). Twenty-four: to perform the removal of the ashes (כ״ד, לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּרוּמַת הַדֶּשֶׁן). Twenty-five: to kindle the lamps of the Menorah [lampstand] (כ״ה, לְהַדְלִיק נֵרוֹת הַמְּנוֹרָה). Twenty-six: to offer a meal offering every day (כ״ו, לְהַקְרִיב מִנְחָה בְּכָל יוֹם). Twenty-seven: to offer the Musaf [additional offering] on Shabbat (כ״ז, לְהַקְרִיב מוּסַף בְּשַׁבָּת). Twenty-eight: to arrange bread and frankincense (כ״ח, לְהַסְדִּיר לֶחֶם וּלְבוֹנָה). Twenty-nine: to offer the Musaf [additional offering] on Rosh Chodesh [the New Moon] (כ״ט, לְהַקְרִיב קָרְבָּן מוּסָף בְּרֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ). Thirty: to offer during the seven days of Pesach [Passover] (ל׳, לְהַקְרִיב בְּז׳ יְמֵי הַפֶּסַח). Thirty-one: to offer, on the day of the Omer [sheaf offering], a lamb as an Olah [burnt offering] (ל״א, לְהַקְרִיב בְּיוֹם הָעוֹמֶר כֶּבֶשׂ לְעוֹלָה). Thirty-two: to offer [an offering of] the Omer [sheaf offering] (ל״ב, לְהַקְרִיב [קָרְבָּן] הָעוֹמֶר)—this is Sefirat haOmer [the counting of the Omer] (הַיְינוּ סְפִירַת הָעוֹמֶר). Thirty-three: to offer the Musaf [additional offering] on Shavu‘ot [Weeks] (ל״ג, לְהַקְרִיב קָרְבָּן מוּסָף בְּשָׁבוּעוֹת). Thirty-four: to offer the two loaves on Shavu‘ot [Weeks] (ל״ד, לְהַקְרִיב שְׁתֵּי הַלֶּחֶם בְּשָׁבוּעוֹת). Thirty-five: to offer the Musaf [additional offering] on Rosh Hashanah [New Year] (ל״ה, לְהַקְרִיב מוּסָף בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה). Thirty-six: to offer the Musaf [additional offering] on Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] (ל״ו, לְהַקְרִיב מוּסָף בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים). Thirty-seven: to offer the Musaf [additional offering] on the seven days of the Festival (ל״ז, לְהַקְרִיב מוּסָף בְּז׳ יְמֵי הֶחָג). Thirty-eight: to offer the Musaf [additional offering] on Shemini Atzeret [Eighth Day of Assembly] (ל״ח, לְהַקְרִיב מוּסָף בִּשְׁמִינִי עֲצֶרֶת). Thirty-nine: to burn the leftover offering in fire (ט״ל, לִשְׂרוֹף אֶת הַנוֹתָר בָּאֵשׁ). Forty: to burn consecrated offerings that became impure (מ׳, לִשְׂרוֹף קֳדָשִׁים שֶׁנִטְמָאוּ). Forty-one: for the Kohen Gadol [High Priest] to serve on Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] (מ״א, לַעֲבוֹד כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים). Forty-two: one who misappropriates consecrated property—principal and a fifth (מ״ב, הַמּוֹעֵל בַּהֶקְדֵּשׁ קֶרֶן וָחוֹמֶשׁ). Forty-three: a Chatat [sin offering] (מ״ג, קָרְבָּן חַטָּאת). Some say: the sinner is to bring a Chatat [sin offering] for his sin (ס״א: לְהָבִיא הַחוֹטֵא קָרְבָּן חַטָּאת עַל חֶטְאוֹ). Forty-four: an Asham Taluy [provisional guilt offering] for his doubt (מ״ד, אָשָׁם תָּלוּי עַל סְפֵקוֹ). Forty-five: a definite Asham [guilt offering] for what is known (מ״ה, קָרְבָּן אָשָׁם וַדַּאי, עַל הַיָּדוּעַ). Forty-six: a Korban Oleh veYored [ascending-and-descending offering] (מ״ו, קָרְבָּן עוֹלֶה וְיוֹרֵד). Forty-seven: the offering of the Sanhedrei Gedolah [Great Sanhedrin] if they erred (מ״ז, קָרְבָּן סַנְהֶדְרֵי גְּדוֹלָה שֶׁטָעוּ). Forty-eight: the Zav [man with an emission] is to offer after he is purified (מ״ח, לְהַקְרִיב הַזָּב אַחַר שֶׁיִטָהֵר). Forty-nine: the offering of the Zavah [woman with an emission] after she is purified (מ״ט, קָרְבָּן זָבָה אַחַר שֶׁתִּטָהֵר). Fifty: the offering of women after childbirth (נ׳, קָרְבָּן יוֹלְדוֹת). Fifty-one: the offering of Metzorayim [lepers] (נ״א, קָרְבָּן מְצּוֹרָעִים). From there onward are the rest of the commandments (מִתַּמָּן וְאֵילָךְ שְׁאָר פִּקוּדִין).