Daf 284a (דַּף רפ״ד ע״א)

Come and see (וְתָּא חֲזֵי), if this one’s deeds are not proper (אִי הַאי לָא כַּשְׁרָן עוֹבָדוֹי), even though that woman is his (אַף עַל גַּב דְּדִילֵיהּ הִיא הַהִיא אִתְּתָא), the other is not pushed away before him (לָא אִתְדְּחֵי הַאי אַחֲרָא מִקַּמֵּיהּ).

Come and see (תָּא חֲזֵי), King Shaul took Molcho (שָׁאוּל מַלְכָּא נָטַל מָלְכוּ). Why (אֲמַאי)? Because the time of David for this had not yet come (בְּגִין דְּעַד לָא מָטָא זִמְנֵיהּ דְּדָוִד לְהַאי). For Molcho was truly David’s (דְּהָא מָלְכוּ הֲוָה וַדַּאי דְּדָוִד), and Shaul came and took it (וְאָתָא שָׁאוּל וְנָטִיל לֵיהּ). When the time came for David to rule in his place (כֵּיוָן דְּמָטָא זִמְנֵיהּ דְּדָוִד לְמֵירַת דִּילֵיהּ), then Righteousness - supernal kingship - was aroused (כְּדֵין אִתְּעַר צֶדֶק [מַלְכוּתָא דְּלְעֵילָּא)), and it gathered Shaul for his sins (וְכָנִישׁ לֵיהּ לְשָׁאוּל בְּחוֹבוֹי), and he was pushed away before David (וְאִתְדְּחֵי מִקַּמֵּי דָּוִד), and David came and took what was his (וְאָתָא דָּוִד וְנָטַל דִּילֵיהּ). And why did Kudsha Berikh Hu not remove Shaul from Molcho so that he would not die (וַאֲמָאי לָא אַעְדֵּי קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא לְשָׁאוּל מִמַּלְכוּ, וְלָא יְמוּת)?

Rather, Kudsha Berikh Hu did kindness with him (אֶלָּא טִיבוּ עָבַד קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא עִמֵּיהּ): He gathered him in his kingship (דְּכָנִישׁ לֵיהּ בְּמַלְכוּתָא), so that his servants would not see his master ruling over him (וְלָא יֶחֱמֵי עַבְדֵּיהּ שַׁלִּיט עָלֵיהּ), and David would take what was his at first (וְנָטִיל מַה דְּהֲוָה דִּילֵיהּ בְּקַדְמִיתָא). So too is this (כַּךְ הַאי). Because of this, a man must request mercy before Kudsha Berikh Hu when he is joined in marriage (בְּגִין כָּךְ, בָּעֵי בַּר נָשׁ לְמִבָּעֵי רַחֲמֵי קָמֵי קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא, כַּד אִזְדְּוַּוג), that he not be pushed away before another (דְּלָא יִתְדְּחֵי מִקַּמֵּי אַחֲרָא). It is written, “And Hashem said to me, It is too much for you, do not continue to speak to Me…” (Deuteronomy 3) (כְּתִיב, וַיֹאמֶר יְיָ אֵלַי רַב לָךְ אַל תּוֹסֶף דַּבֵּר אֵלַי וְגוֹ׳).

And we have already established (וְהָא אוֹקִימְנָא), Kudsha Berikh Hu said to Moshe (אָמַר לֵיהּ קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא לְמֹשֶׁה): Moshe, do you wish to renew the world (מֹשֶׁה, תִּבְעֵי לְאַחְדְּשָׁא [נ״א לְאַכְחֲשָׁא] עָלְמָא)? You have seen from your day that the sun serves the moon (חָמִית מִן יוֹמָךְ שִׁמְשָׁא פָּלַח לְסִיהֲרָא). You have seen from your day that the moon rules while the sun still stands (חָמִית מִן יוֹמָךְ דְּיִשְׁלוֹט סִיהֲרָא בְּעוֹד דְּשִׁמְשָׁא קַיְּימָא).

Rather, “Behold, your days approach to die, call Yehoshua” (Deuteronomy 31) (אֶלָּא, הֵן קָרְבוּ יָמֶיךָ לָמוּת קְרָא אֶת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ). The sun will be gathered (יִתְכְּנִישׁ שִׁמְשָׁא), and the moon will rule (וְיִשְׁלוֹט סִיהֲרָא). And not only that, but if you will enter the land (וְלֹא עוֹד, אֶלָּא אִי אַנְתְּ תֵּיעוּל לְאַרְעָא), the moon will be gathered before you, and will not rule (יִתְכְּנִישׁ סִיהֲרָא מִקַּמָּךְ, וְלָא יִשְׁלוֹט).

Surely the dominion of the moon has arrived (וַדַּאי שׁוּלְטָנוּתָא דְּסִיהֲרָא מָטָא), and it shall not rule while you still remain in the world (וְלָא תִּשְׁלוֹט בְּעוֹד דְּאַנְתְּ קַיְּימָא בְּעָלְמָא). “Call Yehoshua…” (Deuteronomy 31) (קְרָא אֶת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְגוֹ׳). And what is this that it says, “Behold, you will lie with your fathers, and this people will rise…” (Deuteronomy 31) (וּמַאי קָאָמַר, הִנְּךָ שׁוֹכֵב עִם אֲבוֹתֶיךָ וְקָם הָעָם הַזֶּה וְגוֹ׳)? We do not find that Kudsha Berikh Hu commanded Yehoshua, but only Moshe (וְלָא אַשְׁכַּחְנָא, דְּפָקִיד קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, אֶלָּא לְמֹשֶׁה).

For He said to Moshe all of this (דְּאָמַר לֵיהּ לְמֹשֶׁה כָּל הַאי). As it is written, “And they shall forsake Me and break My covenant, and My anger shall burn against them on that day” (Deuteronomy 31) (דִּכְתִיב, וַעֲזָבַנִי וְהֵפֵר אֶת בְּרִיתִי, וְחָרָה אַפִּי בוֹ בַּיוֹם הַהוּא). And now, “Write for yourselves this song, and teach it to the children of Yisrael, put it in their mouths” (Deuteronomy 31) (וְעַתָּה כִּתְבוּ לָכֶם אֶת הַשִּׁירָה הַזֹּאת וְלַמְּדָהּ אֶת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל, שִׂימָהּ בְּפִיהֶם). If so, what is, “And I commanded him” (Deuteronomy 31) (אִי הָכִי מַהוּ, וַאֲצַוֶּנּוּ)? Rather, the verse says, “Behold, you shall lie with your fathers” (Deuteronomy 31) (אֶלָּא קְרָא אָמַר, הִנְּךָ שׁוֹכֵב עִם אֲבוֹתֶיךָ).

Kudsha Berikh Hu said to Moshe (אָמַר לֵיהּ קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא לְמֹשֶׁה): Even though you will lie with your fathers (אַף עַל גַּב דְּאַנְתְּ תִּשְׁכּוֹב עִם אֲבָהֲתָךְ), behold, you shall ever remain to shine to the moon (הָא אַנְתְּ קַיְּימָא תָּדִיר לְאַנְהֲרָא לְסִיהֲרָא). Just as the sun, even though it is gathered (כְּמָה דְּשִׁמְשָׁא, דְּאַף עַל גַּב דְּאִתְכְּנִישׁ), it is not gathered except to shine to the moon (לָא אִתְכְּנִישׁ אֶלָּא לְאַנְהֲרָא לְסִיהֲרָא). And then it shines to the moon when it is gathered (וּכְדֵין אַנְהִיר לְסִיהֲרָא, כַּד אִתְכְּנִישׁ). And because of this, “Behold, you shall lie” - to shine (וְעַל דָּא, הִנְּךָ שׁוֹכֵב לְאַנְהֲרָא), and this is “And I commanded him” (וְדָא הוּא וַאֲצַוֶּנּוּ). And then Yehoshua was strengthened to shine (וּכְדֵין אִתְבְּשַׂר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לְאִתְנַהֲרָא). Some say: Yehoshua was tied to shine (נ״א: אִתְכְּשַׁר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לְאִתְנַהֲרָא).

And because of this it is written, “Behold, you shall lie with your fathers” (Deuteronomy 31) (וְעַל דָּא כְּתִיב, הִנְּךָ שׁוֹכֵב עִם אֲבוֹתֶיךָ), to shine to Yehoshua (לְאַנְהֲרָא לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ). And this is “And command Yehoshua and strengthen him” (Deuteronomy 31) (וְדָא הוּא וְצַו אֶת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְחַזְּקֵהוּ). And “Command Yehoshua” is entirely to shine (וְצַו אֶת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ כֻּלְּהוּ לְאַנְהֲרָא). “For you shall come” (Deuteronomy 31) (כִּי אַתָּה תָּבֹא), and afterward “you shall bring” (Deuteronomy 31) (וּלְבָתַר תָּבִיא). What is the difference between this one and that one (מַה בֵּין הַאי לְהַאי)? Rather, one “You shall come” - to announce to him that he shall enter the land and be established in it (אֶלָּא חַד תָּבֹא, לְבַשְּׂרָא לֵיהּ דְּיֵיעוּל לְאַרְעָא, וְיִתְקַיֵּים בָּהּ). And one “You shall bring” - to announce to him rulership over Yisrael (וְחַד תָּבִיא, לְבַשְּׂרָא לֵיהּ שֻׁלְטָנוּתָא עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל), and he was gladdened concerning his own existence (וְאִתְבְּשַׂר עַל קִיּוּמָא דְּגַרְמֵיהּ), and he was gladdened concerning the rulership over Yisrael (וְאִתְבְּשַׂר עַל שֻׁלְטָנוּ דְּיִשְׂרָאֵל).

Rabbi Shimon opened (רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן פָּתַח), “From the uttermost part of the earth we have heard songs, glory to the righteous” (Isaiah 24) (מִכְּנַף הָאָרֶץ זְמִירוֹת שָׁמַעְנוּ צְבִי לַצַּדִּיק וְגוֹ׳). Woe to the sons of man (וַוי לוֹן לִבְנֵי נָשָׁא), to those who do not regard and do not labor in the glory of their Master (לְאִינּוּן דְּלָא מַשְׁגִּחִין וְלָא מִשְׁתַּדְּלִין בִּיקָרָא דְּמָארֵיהוֹן), and do not gaze upon the supernal holiness (וְלָא מִסְתַּכְּלִין בִּקְדוּשָּׁא עִלָּאָה), to be sanctified in this world (לְאִתְקַדְּשָׁא בְּהַאי עָלְמָא), to be holy in the world to come (לְמֶהֱוֵי קַדִּישִׁין בְּעָלְמָא דְּאָתֵי). “From the uttermost part of the earth” (Isaiah 24) (מִכְּנַף הָאָרֶץ), this is the supernal holy garment (דָּא כְּסוּתָא עִלָּאָה קַדִּישָׁא). “We have heard songs” (Isaiah 24) (זְמִירוֹת שָׁמַעְנוּ), as you say, “Who gives songs in the night” (Job 35) (כְּמָה דְאַתְּ אָמֵר, נוֹתֵן זְמִירוֹת בַּלָּיְלָה). Songs are the praises of Knesset Yisrael (זְמִירוֹת תּוּשְׁבְּחָן דִּכְנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל), before Kudsha Berikh Hu at night (קַמֵּי קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא בַּלָּיְלָה). “At night” - at the time when she is readied (בַּלָּיְלָה, בְּזִמְנָא דְּאִיהִי אִזְדַּמְּנָא). Some say: when the Zivug is frequent (נ״א: אַזְדוּוגָא דְּשְׁכִיחָא). And she is found to praise Kudsha Berikh Hu (וּשְׁכִיחָא לְשַׁבְּחָא לֵיהּ לְּקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא). “At night” - at the time she is joined (בַּלָּיְלָה, בְּזִמְנָא דְּאִיהִי אַזְדוּוגָא). Some say: joined (נ״א: אַזְדוּוגַת). And she delights with the Righteous in the Garden of Eden (וּמִשְׁתַּעֲשָׁע עִם צַדִּיקַיָּיא בְּגִנְתָּא דְּעֵדֶן).