Daf 52a (דַּף נ״ב ע״א)

In the Tekiah is a long voice in melody (בַּתְּקִיעָה הוּא קָלָא אָרוּךְ בְּנִגּוּנָא), until it ascends toward the right, which is Chesed (עַד דַּהֲוָה סָלִיק לֵיהּ לְגַבֵּי יְמִינָא דְאִיהוּ חֶסֶד). In the Shevarim the voice of melody ascends toward Gevurah (בַּשְּׁבָרִים הֲוָה סָלִיק קָלָא דְנִגּוּנָא לְגַבֵּי גְבוּרָה), where YH is in right and left (דְתַמָּן י״ה בִּימִינָא וּשְׂמָאלָא). And joy, wisdom, and wealth descend from it (וַהֲוָה נָחִית מִנֵּיהּ בְּחֶדְוָה חָכְמָתָא וְעוּתְרָא), as they established: “He who desires to become wise should turn south; he who desires to become rich should turn north” (כְּמָה דְאוּקְמוּהוּ הָרוֹצֶה לְהַחְכִּים יַדְרִים, לְהַעֲשִׁיר יַצְפִּין). In the Teruah the voice of melody ascends toward the Middle Column (בִּתְרוּעָה הֲוָה סָלִיק קָלָא דְנִגּוּנָא לְגַבֵּי עַמּוּדָא דְאֶמְצָעִיתָא), and the King descends from it toward the Bride (וַהֲוָה נָחִית מִנֵּיהּ מַלְכָּא לְגַבֵּי כַּלָּה), who is the still small voice (דְאִיהִי קוֹל דְּמָמָה דַקָּה). At that time all kinds of melody are aroused (בְּהַהוּא זִמְנָא יִתְעָרוּן כָּל מִינֵי נִגּוּנָא). This is what is written (הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב): “Praise Him with the sound of the shofar; praise Him with psaltery and harp; praise Him with timbrel and dance; praise Him with stringed instruments and flute; praise Him with resounding cymbals; praise Him with clashing cymbals” (Psalms 150) (הַלְלוּהוּ בְּתֵקַע שׁוֹפָר, הַלְלוּהוּ בְּנֵבֶל וְכִנּוֹר, הַלְלוּהוּ בְּתוֹף וּמָחוֹל, הַלְלוּהוּ בְּמִינִים וְעוּגָב, הַלְלוּהוּ בְּצִלְצְלֵי שָׁמַע, הַלְלוּהוּ בְּצִלְצְלֵי תְרוּעָה).

The shofar is the supernal Shekhinta (שׁוֹפָר אִיהִי שְׁכִינְתָּא עִלָּאָה). Her Tekiah is the lower Shekhinta (תְּקַע דִּילָהּ שְׁכִינְתָּא תַּתָּאָה), of which it is said (דְּאִתְּמַר בָּהּ): “And he touched the hollow of Ya'akov’s thigh” (Bereshit 32) (וַתֵּקַע כַּף יֶרֶךְ יַעֲקֹב), in exile (בְּגָלוּתָא). At that time she ascends from exile with the great shofar (בְּהַהוּא זִמְנָא סָלְקָא מִן גָּלוּתָא בַּשּׁוֹפָר גָּדוֹל), and it is called “Blow the great shofar for our freedom” (וְאִתְקְרִיאַת תְּקַע בְּשׁוֹפָר גָּדוֹל לְחֵרוּתֵנוּ).

With a Nebel [Harp/Psaltery]: [which is the letters] Ben Lev [Son of the Heart] (בְּנֵבֶ״ל, בֶּ״ן לֵ״ב). At that time the son shall ascend to His palace, which is the heart (בְּהַהוּא זִמְנָא בֶּ״ן יֵעוּל לְהֵיכָלֵיהּ דְּאִיהוּ לֵ״ב). Of it, it is said (וְאִתְּמַר בֵּיהּ): “He that is of a merry heart has a continual feast” (Proverbs 15) (וְטוֹב לֵב מִשְׁתֶּה תָמִיד). And what was said previously (וּמַה דְּאִתְּמַר בְּקַדְמֵיתָא): “And it grieved Him to His heart” (Bereshit 6) (וַיִּתְעַצֵּב אֶל לִבּוֹ), because of the guilty ones (בְּגִין חַיָּיבַיָּא). Immediately when they perished, it was fulfilled in Him: “And when the wicked perish, there is song” (Proverbs 11) (וּבַאֲבֹד רְשָׁעִים רִנָּה).

Kinor (Lyre/Harp) is “26 Ner” (כִּנּוֹר, כ״ו נ״ר): Kudsha Berikh Hu, who is YHVH (קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא דְאִיהוּ יהו״ה). Of Him it is said (דְּאִתְּמַר בֵּיהּ): “YHVH is my light and my salvation” (Psalms 27) (יְהוָה אוֹרִי וְיִשְׁעִי). He shines in the lamp, which is Shekhinta (נָהִיר בְּנֵ״ר דְּאִיהִי שְׁכִינְתָּא), His mitzvah (מִצְוָה דִילֵיהּ), and He rejoices in her (וְחָדֵי בָהּ).

The cymbals of sound are Chesed and Gevurah (צִלְצְלֵי שָׁמַע חֶסֶד גְּבוּרָה). The cymbals of Teruah are Netzach and Hod (צִלְצְלֵי תְרוּעָה נֶצַח וָהוֹד). And in all of them: “Let every soul praise Yah” (Psalms 150) (וּבְכֻלְּהוּ כֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ), which is Chokhmah and Binah (דְּאִיהוּ חָכְמָה וּבִינָה). In them shall be redemption for Lamed-Vav and Lamed-Heh, which are son and daughter (דִּי בְהוֹן יְהֵא פוֹרְקָנָא ל״ו וְל״ה דְּאִינוּן בֵּן וּבַת). And through them Amalek shall be erased from the world (וּבְהוֹן יִתְמַחוּן עֲמָלֵקִים מֵעָלְמָא). And this is the end of the verse (וְדָא אִיהוּ סוֹף פָּסוּק).

Another matter: “And make me delicacies, such as I love” (Bereshit 27) (דָּבָר אַחֵר וַעֲשֵׂה לִי מַטְעַמִּים כַּאֲשֶׁר אָהַבְתִּי) - from the positive commandments (מִפִּקּוּדִין דַּעֲשֵׂה), and not “as I hate” - from the negative commandments (וְלָא כַאֲשֶׁר שָׂנֵאתִי מִפִּקּוּדִין דְּלֹא תַעֲשֵׂה). The negative commandments depend on awe, of Yirah (פִּקּוּדִין דְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה תַּלְיָין מִדְּחִילוּ דְיִרְאָה), and they are to distance the Satan from them (וְאִינוּן לְרַחֲקָא הַשָּׂטָן מִנַּיְיהוּ), so that he should not draw near to the Throne, which is the heart (דְּלָא יִתְקַרִיב לְגַבֵּי כָּרְסַיָּא דְאִיהוּ לִבָּא), to prosecute judgment against the holy limbs, which are Yisrael (לְתַבְעָא דִינִין עַל אֵבָרִין קַדִּישִׁין דְּאִינוּן יִשְׂרָאֵל). And the heart is the Shekhinta among them (וְלִבָּא שְׁכִינְתָּא בֵינַיְיהוּ).

The Satan is Samael (הַשָּׂטָן אִיהוּ סמא״ל). His dominion is in the liver (שָׁלְטָנוּתָא דִילֵיהּ בְּכָבֵד). Of him it is said (דַּעֲלֵיהּ אִתְּמַר): “Esav is Edom” (Bereshit 36) (עִשָׂו הוּא אֱדוֹם). The veins of the liver are his troops and his hosts (עַרְקִין דְּכַבְדָּא חֲיָילִין וּמַשִּׁרְיָין דִּילֵיהּ). And the liver receives all the filth and sins of the veins (וְכָבֵד נָטִיל כָּל לִכְלוּכִין וְחוֹבִין דְּעַרְקִין). This is what is written (הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב): “And the goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities to a land cut off” (Leviticus 16) (וְנָשָׂא הַשָּׂעִיר עָלָיו אֶת כָּל עֲוֹנוֹתָם אֶל אֶרֶץ גְּזֵרָה). “The iniquities of the Tam” - for that man was Tam (עֲוֹנוֹת תָּם, דְּהַהוּא אִישׁ תָּם). “To a land cut off” - a place of the decree of the Watchers (אֶל אֶרֶץ גְּזֵרָה, אֲתַר דִּגְזֵרַת עִירִין).

The gall is his sword (מָרָה חַרְבָּא דִילֵיהּ). Of it, it is said (עֲלָהּ אִתְּמַר): “And by your sword you shall live” (Bereshit 27) (וְעַל חַרְבְּךָ תִּחְיֶה). And from where do we know that the gall is the sword of the Angel of Death (וּמְנָא לָן דְּמָרָה אִיהִי חַרְבָּא דְמַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת)? For it is written (דִּכְתִיב): “Her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a two-edged sword” (Proverbs 5) (וְאַחֲרִיתָהּ מָרָה כַלַּעֲנָה חַדָּה כְּחֶרֶב פִּיּוֹת). It is life to the liver (אִיהִי חַיִּים לְכָבֵד), but death to the heart (וְסַם הַמָּוֶת לְלִבָּא). The gall is Gehinom (מָרָה אִיהִי גֵיהִנָּם). And it has two mouths that say “Give, give” (וְאִית לָהּ תְּרֵי פִיּוֹת דְּאָמְרִין הַב הַב). This is what is written (הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב): “The leech has two daughters, Give, give” (Proverbs 30) (לַעֲלוּקָה שְׁתֵּי בָנוֹת הַב הַב). Two daughters who say “Give” - guilty ones for Gehinom (שְׁתֵּי בָנוֹת דְּאָמְרִין הַב חַיָּיבִין לְגֵיהִנָּם).

Seventy veins are in the liver (שַׁבְעִין עַרְקִין אִינוּן בְּכַבְדָּא), corresponding to seventy rulers (לָקֳבֵל שַׁבְעִין מְמַנָּן). Liver with its appendix are seventy-two (כָבֵד וְיוֹתֶרֶת ע״ב). His appendix is the serpent, the harlot (יוֹתֶרֶת דִּילֵיהּ אִיהִי נָחָשׁ אֵשֶׁת זְנוּנִים), because from his leftovers (בְּגִין דְּשִׁיּוּרִין דִּילֵיהּ), some say: from hers (נ״א דִילָהּ), the spleen takes, which is darkness (נַטְלָא טְחוֹל דְּאִיהוּ חֹשֶׁךְ). Of it, it is said (וַעֲלָהּ אִתְּמַר): “And to the darkness He called Night” (Bereshit 1) (וְלַחֹשֶׁךְ קָרָא לָיְלָה). Her dominion is in exile, which is night (דְּשָׁלְטָנוּתָהּ בְּגָלוּתָא דְאִיהוּ לַיְלָה). And in exile she is established for a time (וּבְגָלוּתָא שַׁעִתָּא קַיְימָא לֵיהּ). This is Lilith, mother of the Erev rav (דְּאִיהִי לִילִי״ת אִימָּא דְעִרֶב רַב). And she is the laughter of the fool (וְאִיהִי שְׂחוֹק הַכְּסִיל), some say: the spleen (ס״א הַטְּחוֹל). And concerning her it is said (וּבְגִינָהּ אִתְּמַר): “As the cloud is consumed and vanishes away, so he that goes down to Sheol shall come up no more” (Job 7) (כָּלָה עָנָן וַיֵּלַךְ כֵּן יוֹרֵד שְׁאוֹל לֹא יַעֲלֶה). And this is: “The righteous is swallowed up by one more wicked than he” (וְדָא אִיהוּ צַדִּיק מִמֶּנּוּ בּוֹלֵעַ)-the wicked, indeed, who is the fool (דְּרָשָׁע וַדַּאי דְּאִיהוּ כְּסִיל). Of him it is said (עֲלֵיהּ אִתְּמַר): “Why do You look on treacherous ones, and are silent when the wicked swallows up one more righteous than he” (Habakkuk 1) (לָמָּה תַבִּיט בּוֹגְדִים תַּחֲרִישׁ בְּבַלַּע רָשָׁע צַדִּיק מִמֶּנּוּ). And the masters of the Mishnah established (וְאוּקְמוּהוּ מָארֵי מַתְנִיתִין): “The righteous more than he is swallowed, but a completely righteous one is not swallowed” (צַדִּיק מִמֶּנּוּ בּוֹלֵעַ אֲבָל צַדִּיק גָּמוּר אֵינוֹ בּוֹלֵעַ). Of him it is said (וּבְגִינֵיהּ אִתְּמַר): “YHVH kills and makes alive; He brings down to Sheol and brings up” (1 Samuel 2) (מוֹרִיד שְׁאוֹל וַיָּעַל).

Woe to the soul when the spleen swallows her (וַוי לְנִשְׁמָתָא כַד בָּלַע לָהּ טְחוֹל). Woe to Yisrael when they are swallowed in the Erev rav (וַוי לְיִשְׂרָאֵל כַּד אִתְבַּלְעוּ בְּעִרֶב רַב). Of them it is said (דַּעֲלַיְיהוּ אִתְּמַר): “And when they had eaten them up, it could not be known that they had eaten them, but they were still ill-favored as at the beginning” (Bereshit 41) (וְלֹא נוֹדַע כִּי בָאוּ אֶל קִרְבֶּנָה, וּמַרְאֵיהֶן רַע כַּאֲשֶׁר בַּתְּחִלָּה).